Equality of Functions

Equality of Functions

Two functions f and g are equal if and only if

  1. f and g have the same domain,
  2. f and g have the same codomain, and
  3. f(x) = g(x) for each x of the domain.

Function α€™်ားတူα€Šီျခင္း

Function ႏွα€…္ခု f α€”ဲα‚” g ဆိုပါα€…ိုα‚”။ f=g α€œိုα‚” ေျပာႏိုင္α€–ိုα‚” ထတြα€€္ ထေျခထေα€” α€žံုးရပ္α€”ဲα‚” α€€ိုα€€္α€Šီα€™ႈ α€›ွိရပါα€™α€š္။

(၁) Domain တူα€Šီα€›α€™α€š္။

(၂) Codomain တူα€Šီα€›α€™α€š္။

(၃) Domain ထဲα€™ွာ α€›ွိတဲ့ ထစု၀င္ x တိုင္းထတြα€€္ f(x) = g(x) ျα€–α€…္α€›α€™α€š္။ တစ္α€”α€Š္းေျပာရင္ function f α€›ဲ့ image ေတြα€”ဲα‚” function g α€›ဲ့ image ေတြ တူα€Šီα€›α€™α€š္ေပါ့။

α€’ီထေျခထေα€” α€žံုးရပ္α€œံုးα€”ဲα‚” α€€ိုα€€္α€Šီα€α€š္ဆိုရင္ function ႏွα€…္ခု တူα€Šီα€α€š္α€œိုα‚” ေျပာႏိုင္ပါα€α€š္။

ေထာα€€္α€€ example ေα€œးေတြ ဆက္ၿပီး ေα€œ့α€œာαΎα€€α€Š္α€›ေထာင္။

Example (1)

image

Solution

f(x) = x2 g(x) = 2x – 1

f(1) = 12 = 1 g(1) = 2(1) – 1 = 1.

Therefore f(x) = g(x) for every x \epsilon A.

f = g

ထထက္α€™ွာ ေျပာခဲ့တဲ့ ထခ်α€€္α€žံုးခ်α€€္α€”ဲα‚” ျပန္α€…α€…္αΎα€€α€Š့္α€›ေထာင္ . . .

  1. f α€”ဲα‚” g α€Ÿာ Domain တူပါα€α€š္။ ႏွα€…္ခုα€œံုးα€›ဲ့ Domain α€Ÿာ A ျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။
  2. f α€”ဲα‚” g α€Ÿာ Codomain α€œα€Š္းတူပါα€α€š္။ ႏွα€…္ခုα€œံုးထတြα€€္ B ျα€–α€…္α€α€š္။
  3. Domain ထဲα€™ွာ ထစု၀င္ တစ္ခုα€›ွိပါα€α€š္။ 1 ျα€–α€…္ပါα€α€š္။ f(1) = 1 ျα€–α€…္ၿပီးေတာ့ g(1) = 1 ျα€–α€…္တဲ့ထတြα€€္ image ေတြα€œα€Š္းတူပါα€α€š္။ α€’ါေၾကာင့္ f = g ျα€–α€…္α€α€š္α€œိုα‚” ေျပာႏိုင္ပါα€α€š္။

Example (2)

image

Solution

f(x) = x2 g(x) = 2x – 1

f(1) = 12 = 1 g(1) = 2(1) – 1 = 1.

f(2) = 22 = 4 g(2) = 2(2) – 1 = 3.

f(1) = g(1) but f(2) ≠ g(2).

Therefore f(x) ≠ g(x) for every x \epsilon C.

f ≠ g

α€’ီα€₯ပမာα€™ွာ ဆိုရင္ function ႏွα€…္ခုα€œံုးထတြα€€္ Domain α€”ဲα‚” Codomain တူα€Šီα€α€š္ဆိုတာ α€žိၿပီး ျα€–α€…္α€™ွာပါ။

f(1) = g(1)

f(2) ≠ g(2) ျα€–α€…္ေနပါα€α€š္။ α€’ါေၾကာင့္ Domain ထဲα€™ွာ α€›ွိတဲ့ ထစု၀င္ x တိုင္းထတြα€€္ f(x) = g(x) α€™ျα€–α€…္ေတာ့ပါα€˜ူး။

α€’ါေၾကာင့္ α€’ီေα€™းခြα€”္းα€™ွာ f ≠ g α€œိုα‚” ဆိုα€›α€™ွာ ျα€–α€…္ပါα€α€š္။

Example (3)

Let f : R image R and g : R image R are functions such that f(0) = 2 and g(0) = 2. Can you say that f and g are the same function? Why?

Solution

Here f(0) = g(0). But we cannot say that f(x) = g(x) for every x \epsilon R. Therefore we cannot say that f and g are the same function.

α€’ီေα€™းခြα€”္းα€€ေတာ့ set of real numbers (R) α€”ဲα‚” equality of functions ဆိုတာα€€ို ထေα€žα€‘α€်ာ α€”ားα€œα€Š္ α€žေα€˜ာေပါα€€္α€™ႈ α€›ွိα€›ဲ့α€œားဆိုတာα€€ို α€…α€…္ေဆးα€œိုα€€္တာပါ။

R ဆိုတာα€€ set of real numbers (α€€ိα€”္းα€…α€…္α€™်ားပါ၀င္ေα€žာ ထစု) ေပါ့။ α€€ိα€”္းα€™်α€₯္းေα€•αšα€™ွာ α€›ွိတဲ့ ထမွတ္တိုင္းα€€ို α€€ိုα€š္α€…ားျပဳပါα€α€š္။

f α€”ဲα‚” g α€Ÿာ Domain α€”ဲα‚” Codomain တူပါα€α€š္။ f(0) = g(0) ျα€–α€…္ပါα€α€š္။ α€’ါေα€•α€™α€š့္ f = g α€œိုα‚” α€™α€žα€္α€™ွတ္ႏိုင္ပါα€˜ူး။ R ဆိုတဲ့ ထစုထဲα€™ွာ ထစု၀င္ေတြ α€™ေရမတြα€€္ႏိုင္ေထာင္ α€›ွိပါα€α€š္။ ထဲα€’ီထထဲα€™ွာα€™ွ 0 α€›ဲ့ image α€™်ားα€žာα€œွ်င္ တူα€Šီα€α€š္α€œိုα‚” ေပးထားခ်α€€္ထရ α€žိရၿပီး၊ α€€်α€”္တဲ့ ထစု၀င္ေတြထတြα€€္ α€˜ာα€™ွ α€™ေျပာႏိုင္ပါα€˜ူး။ α€’ါေၾကာင့္ f α€”ဲα‚” g α€Ÿာ တူα€Šီေα€žာ function α€™်ားျα€–α€…္α€α€š္α€œိုα‚” α€˜α€š္α€œိုα€™ွ ေျပာခြင့္α€™α€›ွိပါα€˜ူး။

α€’ီေα€œာα€€္ဆိုရင္ Equality of Functions ဆိုတာα€€ို α€žေα€˜ာေပါα€€္ေα€œာα€€္ၿပီ ထင္ပါα€α€š္။

α€…ာဖတ်α€žူ၏ ထမြင်α€€ို α€œေးα€…ားα€…ွာα€…ောင့်α€™ျှော်α€œျα€€်!

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