Conic Sections (Parabola) - Part 2

Conic Section (Part 1) တွင် $p>0$ α€Ÿုα€žα€်α€™ှတ်၍ Parabola α€€ို $x^2=4py, x^2=-4py, y^2=4px$ α€”ှင့် $y^2=-4px$ α€Ÿူ ၍ ပုံα€žα€္α€Œာα€”် α€œေးα€™ျိုးα€–ြင့် α€–ော်ပြα€”ိုင်α€€ြောင်း တင်ပြခဲ့ပြီး α€–ြα€…်α€žα€Š်။ $p$ α€€ို non-zero real number တစ်ခုထဖြα€…် α€žα€်α€™ှတ်ပြီး parabola α€€ို general form α€”ှα€…်ခုα€–ြင့်α€žာ α€™ှတ်α€žားα€œေ့α€œာα€”ိုင်α€€ြောင်း α€šα€ု post တွင် ဆက်α€œα€€်တင်ပြပါα€™α€Š်။

Form (1)

  • Equation : $x^2=4py$

  • Axis of Symmetry : $y-\text{axis}$

  • Vertex at $(0,0)$

  • Focus at $(0,p)$

  • Directrix : $y = -p$

  • If $p>0$, the parabola opens up

  • If $p<0 $, the parabola opens down
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Form (2)

  • Equation : $y^2=4px$

  • Axis of Symmetry : $x-\text{axis}$

  • Vertex at $(0,0)$

  • Focus at $(p,0)$

  • Directrix : $x = -p$

  • If $p>0$, the parabola opens to the right.

  • If $p<0 $, the parabola opens to the left.
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Latus Rectum

The focal chord which is perpendicular to the axis is known as latus rectum of the conic. Axis of symmetry ပေါ် ထောင့်မတ်α€€ျα€žော Focal Chord α€€ို latus rectum α€Ÿုခေါ်α€žα€Š်။



For $y^2= 4px,\ \ p\ne 0 $,

When $x = p, y^2=4p^2$.

Therefore $y=\pm 2p$.

Focus = $(p, 0)$

The endpoints of latus rectum is $(p,-2p)$ and $(p,2p)$ .

And the length of latus rectum is $|4p|$.

For $x^2= 4py,\ \ p\ne 0 $,

Focus = $(0, p)$

When $y = p, x^2=4p^2$.

Therefore $x=\pm 2p$.

Hence the endpoints of latus rectum is $(-2p,p)$ and $(2p,p)$ .

And the length of latus rectum is $|4p|$.

Vertex α€€ $(0,0)$ ၌ α€›ှိα€žော Parabola ပုံα€…ံα€œေးခု၏ ထနှα€…်ချုပ်α€€ို ထောα€€်ပါα€‡α€šားα€–ြင့်α€™ှတ်α€žားα€”ိုင်ပါα€žα€Š်။

Equation Focus Directrix Axis of Symmetry Endpoinds of Latus Rectum Opens

$x^2=4py$

$(0,p$)

$y=-p$

$y-\text{axis}$

($\pm 2p, p)$
UP when $p>0$
DOWN when $p<0$

$y^2=4px$

$(p,0)$

$x=-p$

$x-\text{axis}$

$(p,\pm 2p)$
RIGHT when $p>0$
LEFT when $p<0$




Graphing Parabola

  • to find the focus

  • to find the equation of directrix

  • to find the axis of symmetry

  • to find the vertex

  • to find the end points of latus rectum

  • to draw the smooth curve passing through the vertex and the end points of latus rectum to form parabola


Example (1)

Graph $y^2 = 24x$.

Solution

Comparing with $y^2=4px$, we get $p=6$

Axis of symmetry : $x-\text{axis}$

The parabola opens to the right.

Focus = $(p,0)=(6,0)$

$\therefore \ \ \ $ directrix : $x= -6$

Vertex = $(0,0)$

The endpoints of latus rectum = $(p,\pm 2p) = (6,\pm 12)$



Example (2)

Graph $x^2 = -6y$.

Solution

Comparing with $x^2=4py$, we get $4p=-6\Rightarrow p=-\displaystyle\frac{3}{2}$

Axis of symmetry : $y-\text{axis}$

The parabola opens down.

Focus = $ (0,p)=\left( {0,-\displaystyle\frac{3}{2}} \right)$

$\therefore \ \ \ $ directrix : $y= \displaystyle\frac{3}{2}$

Vertex = $(0,0)$

The endpoints of latus rectum = $ \left( {\pm 2p,\ p} \right)=\left( {\pm 3,\ -\displaystyle\frac{3}{2}} \right)$



α€…ာဖတ်α€žူ၏ ထမြင်α€€ို α€œေးα€…ားα€…ွာα€…ောင့်α€™ျှော်α€œျα€€်!

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